Connected not implies locally connected
This article gives the statement and possibly, proof, of a non-implication relation between two topological space properties. That is, it states that every topological space satisfying the first topological space property (i.e., Connected space (?)) need not satisfy the second topological space property (i.e., Locally connected space (?))
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Contents
Statement
It is possible for a topological space to be a connected space but not a locally connected space.
Definitions used
Connected space
Further information: connected space
A topological space is termed connected if it cannot be expressed as a disjoint union of two nonempty open subsets.
Locally connected space
Further information: Locally connected space
A topological space is termed locally connected if, for every point
and every open subset
of
containing
, there exists an open subset
of
such that
,
, and
is a connected space.
Proof
The general idea behind counterexamples is that the connecting apparatus between a point and points very close to it is via points that are very far from it. Most of these counterexamples are also counterexamples for the related fact that path-connected not implies locally path-connected, where points close by can be connected only via paths that go through points that are far away.
Here are some counterexample spaces (more elaboration needed):
- The infinite broom and closed infinite broom. Both of these are connected spaces, and the latter is also a path-connected space. However, neither of these is locally connected.
- The topologist's sine curve is a connected space but not a locally connected space.
- The comb space is a connected space -- in fact, it is a contractible space. However, it is not locally connected.