Manifold with an orientation-reversing self-homeomorphism
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Definition
A connected orientable manifold is termed a manifold with an orientation-reversing self-homeomorphism if there is a homeomorphism from the manifold to itself that, if applied to any orientation of the manifold, produces the opposite orientation.
For a compact connected orientable manifold
For a compact connected orientable manifold, a self-homeomorphism is orientation-reversing if it induces the multiplication by map on the top homology, or equivalently, sends a fundamental class to its negative. A manifold with an orientation-reversing self-homeomorphism is thus a manifold for which there exists a self-homeomorphism with such an effect.
Examples
Below are some examples of compact connected orientable manifolds and whether or not they have orientation-reversing self-homeomorphisms:
Manifold or family of manifolds | Dimension in terms of parameter | For what values of the parameter does it have an orientation-reversing self-homeomorphism? | Proof/explanation |
---|---|---|---|
sphere , | all | reflection in any one coordinate, keeping the other coordinates fixed. | |
real projective space , odd | all odd (note: for even, the manifold isn't orientable to begin with, so the question doesn't make sense) | use the reflection in any one coordinate orientation-reversing self-homeomorphism of the sphere, descend it to real projective space (this is possible because the operation commutes with the antipodal map). | |
complex projective space | all odd | complex projective space has orientation-reversing self-homeomorphism iff it has odd complex dimension | |
compact orientable surface, genus | 2 | all | compact orientable surface has orientation-reversing self-homeomorphism |
Facts
- Given two connected orientable manifolds and , if either of them possesses an orientation-reversing self-homeomorphism, so does the product . The trick is to take the Cartesian product of the orientation-reversing self-homeomorphism on one manifold and the identity map on the other.